Among the most common discomforts associated with IUD use are intermenstrual spotting and heavy menstrual bleeding. Lower abdominal pains may also occur. The most common cause of this discomfort is that the size of the IUD is not correctly adjusted to the size of the uterus.

An IUD that is too large can cause irritation to the uterus, which stimulates it to cramp. In some cases, the contractions can be so strong that they lead to the IUD being expelled from the uterus on its own. This may go unnoticed by the woman, which carries the risk of an unwanted pregnancy. Therefore, it is extremely important not only that the IUD is correctly positioned in the uterus, but also that it is correctly sized and shaped. Heavy bleeding, spotting and pain in the lower abdomen can also be a symptom of the IUD partially slipping out of the uterus. Sudden, sharp abdominal pain and fainting can be a symptom of a punctured uterus, which can occasionally occur during IUD insertion.

This complication is an absolute indication for immediate medical consultation. The IUD can increase the symptoms of inflammatory conditions occurring in the reproductive tract.

The following occur:

• profuse discharge,
• itching, burning
• and other symptoms of inflammation.

The decision to insert an IUD should be discussed with a doctor who must inform the woman of all the advantages or disadvantages of this contraceptive method. Before insertion of an IUD it is necessary to carry out an examination to check that there is no inflammation of the reproductive organs as it increases the risk of inflammation and the transfer of pathogenic germs to the upper part of the reproductive organs. The IUD is inserted only by a doctor. In the event of any worrying symptoms, medical consultation is essential.

A correct interpretation of the symptoms will allow the doctor to discover the cause of the discomfort, carry out the appropriate tests and make a further decision on the continuation of this form of contraception.

If you do not have your period on time, visit your doctor as soon as possible. There is a possibility of pregnancy. A visit to the doctor is also necessary if you do not feel any threads during a self-examination. This may be a sign that the IUD has expelled itself or has moved in the uterus.

When using an IUD, monthly self-monitoring is necessary to check for the presence of IUD threads. Their presence should be checked once a month, preferably after menstruation.

Normally, they should be felt lightly under the fingers inserted into the vagina, in the area of the external orifice of the cervix. Changes of sexual partners should also be avoided to reduce the risk of inflammation of the reproductive organs.

It is also necessary to have a regular medical check-up during which the doctor will carry out an ultrasound assessment of the correct position of the IUD.