Inverted papilloma is a benign neoplasm that originates in the epithelial tissues of the nasal mucosa and paranasal sinuses. Medical practice shows that it represents a significant clinical problem, with a tendency to recur after surgical treatment. The problems associated with papilloma are mainly related to its aetiology, epidemiology, biology and also its transformation into a malignant form. The biology of inverted papilloma itself is the subject of much research, as it is an ambiguous process.