Foetal growth restriction is diagnosed when two measurements indicate foetal growth that is too slow - when the weight and length of the foetus are below the set norm. The incidence of IUGR is approximately 3-10% of live-born infants.
It has been shown that 52% of live births are associated with IUGR and 10% of mortality is associated with it.

Risk factors for fetal stunting:

I FETAL FACTORS

a) genetic

• genetic disorders
• chromosomal disorders
• racial, ethnic factors
• congenital anomalies

(b) multiple pregnancies

(c) congenital infections

photo ojoimages

II MATERNAL FACTORS

(a) genetic

• short stature

(b) maternal diseases

• diabetes mellitus
• hyperthyroidism
• cardiovascular disease
• kidney disease
• asthma

(c) drug therapy

• anticonvulsants

(d) abnormal structure of the uterus

(e) maternal age below 16 years or above 35 years

III PLACENTAL FACTORS

(a) pre-eclampsia

(b) placental abnormality and insufficiency placental detachment;

• haematoma
• infarction
• thrombosis of the umbilical vein