Hysteroscopy, or endoscopic examination of the uterus, is now a commonly performed examination. It is performed for diagnostic purposes, e.g. abnormal uterine bleeding or the inability to become or remain pregnant, but also for therapeutic purposes. Modern microscopic instruments allow transvaginal removal of uterine polyps or myomas, as well as taking biopsies of suspicious lesions for histopathological examination. Hysteroscopy is considered to be a safe examination as complications are very rare and mainly include bleeding and infection.