From the moment of conception, the developing foetus needs up to nine months to adapt to living independently outside its mother's body. During this time, the health of the woman is of the utmost importance as it influences the correct growth of the embryo and the maturation of the foetus. Every woman should perform a panel of serological tests to ensure the best conditions for the development of the baby. Let us therefore review the basic tests that aim to exclude or confirm possible illnesses in the pregnant woman and initiate appropriate treatment for both mother and foetus.