From a chemical point of view

Vitamin D is called cholecalciferol by chemists. Due to its structure, it is classified as a steroidal compound, a derivative of cholesterol. Vitamin D readily undergoes a hydroxylation reaction, which increases its biological activity, making it involved in the regulation of the functions of many organs and tissues.

What vitamin D regulates.

Vitamin D is implicated in the regulation of many metabolic pathways in the body. Among other things, it regulates the absorption of calcium and phosphorus in the gastrointestinal tract, regulates the functioning of the immune system, and inhibits bone demineralisation processes.

Effects of deficiency

The biggest problem that results from vitamin D deficiency is progressive bone demineralisation. This is a process involving the release of calcium from the bones, which intensifies the processes of osteoporosis. Vitamin D deficiency in children results in inadequate mineralisation, which leads to bone deformities and ultimately rickets. In addition to bone problems, vitamin D deficiency results in increased susceptibility to infections, susceptibility to autoimmune diseases (e.g. rheumatoid arthritis), increased incidence of malignant tumours (mainly breast, colon, prostate and kidney), heart attacks and strokes.

How to detect a deficiency? How to supplement?

The concentration of vitamin D and its derivatives can be determined in blood serum.

Recommended doses of vitamin D supplementation:

• 1000 units (IU) from October to April in people avoiding sunlight,
• 1,000 units (IU) in all people over 65 years of age throughout the year, as the ability to produce cholecalciferol in the skin decreases with age.