Prostate cancer is one of the most common malignancies in men. It is still sometimes diagnosed at a very late stage, which is why scientists are undertaking a search both for diagnostic techniques to detect it earlier and to analyse what factors influence the development of this disease. Scientists from China have made some interesting reports on the pathogenesis of prostate cancer, as they have managed to observe certain changes, characteristic of prostate cancer, in the composition of the microflora of prostate secretions.