It affects young and sexually active women, but also those in the postmenopausal period. The most common symptom is vaginal dryness - occurring in up to 25% of women of reproductive age, and in 45% after menopause. Women are often accompanied by swelling and abrasions of the vulva.

Associated symptoms of vulvodynia are spotting after intercourse or gynaecological examination. A burning, stinging or tingling sensation may occur. The vulvar pain may occur spontaneously and/or in response to a stimulus.

Factors exacerbating the pain may be:

• wearing tight underwear;
• cycling;
• prolonged sitting;
• use of tampons;
• oral contraception;
• effects of powder, soap, etc.

Treatment should start with a history and clinical examination. Most often, the gynaecologist will carry out a two-handed examination and with the aid of a speculum.

In treatment, the following is recommended:

• oestrogen - topical or systemic: vaginal or vulval preparations;
• steroid hormone - women using less complain of vaginal dryness.
• vaginal lubricants - do not, however, reduce symptoms of dyspareunia (pain during intercourse);
• a change in lifestyle, increasing sexual activity, which has a positive effect on improving blood circulation and lubrication;
• medication to reduce pain;
• a change in irritants: cosmetics, chemicals, tight underwear.

Vulvodynia can be troublesome but is usually a temporary condition. If appropriate treatment is implemented, unpleasant discomfort can be avoided.