Every woman should know how long her menstrual cycle lasts and which periods/phases it consists of. This is because it is very easy to recognise if we observe our body. If you do not know how to do this, it is advisable to visit a gynaecologist. Do not underestimate any disturbing symptoms from the reproductive system (such as pain in the lower abdomen, problems with urination, pinching, itching, discharge, absence of menstruation, excessive bleeding from the genital tract). This is because they may be indicative of a serious illness. Prompt treatment offers the chance of a complete recovery. Unfortunately, many women assume that the worrying symptoms will go away on their own and treat themselves. What should we know about the cycle and when should we visit the gynaecologist?

Our knowledge can be very useful, especially when we experience problems with regular menstruation (its absence or excessive abundance), pain in the lower abdomen, unpleasant discharge and when we are planning a pregnancy. If any reproductive problems occur, it is important to see a specialist as soon as possible. Young women very often ask the doctor: how do you calculate your fertile and infertile days? Why does discharge from the genital tract occur during the monthly cycle? How often should one go to the gynaecologist?

A woman's menstrual (monthly) cycle consists of several stages. Women who know and observe their body are able to recognise them very quickly. Many women recognise them by their mood changes.

1. The first stage in the monthly cycle is bleeding. This is the first day of the cycle and also the first day of menstruation. It lasts differently from woman to woman. The same is true of its abundance.

2. After menstruation comes the period of pre-ovulatory infertility. This is divided into two phases:

• dry (no cervical mucus)
• wet (discharge appears which is transparent in colour, sticky and thick)

In women who have very short monthly cycles, this phase may be omitted.

3. Immediately after the pre-ovulatory period, the so-called fertile phase begins. This is preceded by ovulation. The fertile period is followed by an unconditioned infertile phase, which lasts until the next first day of menstruation (it lasts about 14 days).

In addition, all sorts of external factors (change in climate, diet) and internal factors (taking medication, illness) can contribute to changes in a woman's monthly cycle.

If you notice any disturbing changes in your reproductive system, you should immediately visit your gynaecologist. Do not wait for the symptoms to resolve themselves.