Among other things, extraordinary progress has been made in the automotive field - through better technology and the greater availability of motor vehicles with which we can get about on the roads. There has undoubtedly been an increase in the motorisation of society.[1]

Road accidents are one of the most common causes of mortality and disability in the world. In Poland, they rank third, just behind cardiovascular diseases and cancer, as causes of mortality.[2]

The first road accident involving a human fatality occurred in England in 1899. It took place during the presentation of a car to customers.[3] By accident we mean an external event that causes injury or damage to the body (intentional or unintentional).[4] The essence of a traffic accident is that it occurs in a specific, somewhat systemic, because man-made in order to move from point A to point B. [5]

A traffic accident will therefore be referred to as an event caused by the unintentional and improper behaviour of a road user, which results in human injury or death and material damage. A traffic accident may therefore occur as a result of a failure to follow safety rules or to break traffic regulations.[6]

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It should be borne in mind that, rightly, it is debated that an accident is an unexpected event. Hence, the word is often replaced by the phrase that it is an unintended event. Why? A driver who decides to make a risky manoeuvre is aware that he is breaking safety rules and the law. He therefore knowingly creates a risk and contributes to causing a traffic accident.[7]