In addition to neurological symptoms, psychopathological symptoms such as delusions, hallucinations and confusion also occur.

Folic acid deficiency

Folic acid deficiency mainly affects patients with malabsorption syndromes, particularly alcoholism. Additionally, it is often found in pregnant women and patients treated with antiepileptic drugs.

Clinical signs of deficiency include muscle weakness, mainly in the lower limbs, gait disturbances, sensory disturbances and dementia.

Vitamin E deficiency

Vitamin E deficiency is usually caused by impaired fat absorption, associated with impaired hepatic salt secretion or impaired reabsorption of bile, as seen after conditions involving resection of a large part of the small intestine. Fat malabsorption also occurs in cystic fibrosis, coeliac disease and Crohn's disease.

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In deficiency, gait disturbances, impaired sensation of vibration and position and limb incoordination initially appear. With time, nystagmus and symptoms of paralysis of the oculomotor muscles are additionally observed.

Vitamin B6 deficiency

Vitamin B6 deficiency occurs in adults in whom the deficiency is related to the intake of specific drugs. In this avitaminosis, symptoms of polyneuropathy predominate, i.e. initially prasthesias, numbness, burning pains in the feet, followed by weakness in the lower limbs, disturbances of sensation of position, movement and vibration.