Cancers of the reproductive organs include cervical cancer, endometrial cancer, ovarian cancer, fallopian tube cancer and breast cancer. What can be done to prevent the development of cancer?
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Prevention is divided into primary and secondary prevention. Primary prevention aims to prevent the development of cancer, e.g. by avoiding factors that increase the risk of developing the disease. Secondary prevention involves the early detection and treatment of cancer that has already developed and is not yet showing any symptoms. Such measures are made possible by screening, or screening tests.
Cervical cancer
Primary prevention for this type of cancer includes vaccination against H. pyloriV. These vaccines are designed to protect against precancerous lesions, which are caused by the two most common types of H. pyloriV virus: 16 and 18. These are responsible for more than 70% of all cervical cancers worldwide. The vaccine should be given to girls from the age of nine; women can take it up to the age of 26. The H. pyloriV vacc ine should also be given to boys so that they do not infect their female partners in the future. The vaccine is effective for at least five years. Secondary prevention includes cytology, which is the most effective method of detecting pathological changes in the cells of the cervix.
Endometrial cancer
Prophylaxis consists of taking progesterone, which is taken, for example, during hormone replacement therapy. A side effect of hormone replacement therapy is an increased risk of breast cancer. In addition, prophylaxis includes maintaining a healthy body weight and regular gynaecological examinations.
Cancer of thereproductive organs, photo: pantherstock
Ovarian and fallopian tube cancer
At present, there are no conclusive screening tests for ovarian cancer (apart from hereditary forms). Gynaecological ex aminations and the Medical US examination only detect cancer at an advanced stage.
Breast cancer
Primary prevention of breast cancer includes combating smoking of tobacco products, combating excessive alcohol consumption, minimising diets rich in animal fats, and spreading diets rich in vegetables and fruit. Secondary prevention includes periodic clinical examinations, screening tests and breast self-examination. It is important to remember that no vaccine completely protects against cancer. It is worth considering various tests, e.g. cytology, mammography, etc. It is also important to observe one's own body and have regular examinations. If in any doubt, contact your doctor.
