Parkinson's disease is a degenerative disorder within the structures of the brain. It usually appears around the age of 60. The essence of the disease is a dopamine deficiency and the primary symptoms are motor slowing, muscle rigidity, resting tremors, gait and posture disturbances. In addition, constipation, depression, swallowing and speech disorders may occur.

Gradually, it leads to difficulties in performing simple daily activities such as dressing, eating, moving and communicating.

One of the first symptoms of Parkinson's disease is articulation problems, followed by a disruption in vocal strength, melody and intonation. This is caused by reduced muscle tone in the larynx, cheek and facial muscles and reduced lung capacity and speaking drive.

Spontaneous speech may be impaired and word choice is also a problem. Due to the trembling of the soft palate and respiratory muscles, the voice also trembles and breaks down.

Dysphonia is a speech disorder caused by difficulties in voice emission. The abnormalities occur as a result of abnormal functioning of the laryngeal muscles, disruption of their tone and frequency, and lack of respiratory-phonatory-articulatory coordination.

Symptoms of dysphonia include changes in the timbre of the voice, which may be hoarse, strangled, wheezing, squeaky or dull. There are also often problems with the volume of the voice, sometimes sounding too quiet or too loud.

In the course of the disease, the muscle tone of the speech apparatus is disrupted. The patient then pronounces sentences slowly and unclearly, often does not finish sentences and tends to mumble.