Uterine myoma is one of the most common cancers of the female genital organs. However, it is benign in nature and is made up of smooth muscle and connective tissue. It develops in the body of the uterus.
It is indicated that they occur most frequently in women (20%- 40%) between the ages of 35 and 45. The problem of the risk of myomas is a subject that is still under investigation.
Factors influencing the development of myomas
The main factors influencing their development include:
- early menstruation,
- obesity,
- taking tamoxifen (an anti-estrogen drug used to treat breast cancer),
- not having children or being a late mother.
It should also be noted that a family predisposition can also influence the occurrence of myomas.
However, the risk of occurrence is reduced by multiple births and the postmenopausal period.
To date, however, the initiating factor for their formation is not known.
We can distinguish between myomas:
- submucosal
- cystic,
- intramural,
- submucosal,
- with complex topography within the uterine muscle.
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In the majority of patients (almost 70%), myomas do not produce any symptoms. They depend on their location:
- in the case of submucous myomas: abnormal menstrual bleeding;
- in the case of submucous myomas: a feeling of fullness in the abdominal fossa.
Frequent urination, constipation, pain during intercourse, pain in the back or lower limbs due to the existing pressure on the musclesmay also occur. Uterine myomas are benign lesions, their growth is slow. They do, however, have a negative impact on the course of pregnancy.
