Pain in children is a common clinical problem, and its proper assessment and management are crucial for the safety, comfort and recovery of young patients. Non-pharmacological treatment methods, selected according to the child’s age, clinical condition, developmental capabilities and individual needs, are playing an increasingly important role in comprehensive management. It is therefore worth examining how acute pain differs from chronic pain, why appropriate treatment should be initiated in good time, and which non-pharmacological methods can effectively help to alleviate it.