Hypertension, also known as high blood pressure, is a common health condition that can lead to serious complications such as stroke, heart attack and kidney failure. Understanding hypertension and its symptoms, causes and treatments is key to preventing complications and maintaining health.
Table of contents:
- Definition
- Causes of hypertension
- Symptoms of arterial hypertension
- Effects of arterial hypertension
- Diagnosis of high blood pressure
- Treatment of arterial hypertension
- Prevention of high blood pressure
Definition of
Hypertension is a condition in which the blood pressure in the arterial vessels is higher than the norm. It is usually defined as a blood pressure equal to or higher than 140/90 mm Hg.
Causes of hypertension
Hypertension can be caused by a variety of factors, including hereditary predisposition, obesity, poor eating habits, lack of physical activity, stress, smoking or alcohol consumption.
Symptoms of hypertension
In most cases, hypertension does not cause symptoms, which is why it is often referred to as a 'silent killer'. However, in some cases, symptoms such as headaches, dizziness, fatigue or visual disturbances may appear.
Effects of high blood pressure
Hypertension can lead to serious complications such as coronary heart disease, stroke, heart failure, kidney disease or visual impairment.
Hypertension diagnosis
The diagnosis of hypertension is based on regular blood pressure measurements and an assessment of risk factors and possible symptoms.
Treatment of arterial hypertension
Treatment of hypertension may include lifestyle changes such as a low-sodium diet, regular physical activity and avoidance of alcohol and smoking. In some cases, blood pressure-lowering medication is also necessary.
Prevention of high blood pressure
To prevent hypertension, a healthy lifestyle, regular check-ups, avoiding stress, limiting salt intake and regular physical activity are recommended.