Pruritus of the anal area - causes, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment
Various factors can cause a subjective feeling of discomfort in the anal area, forcing one to rub and scratch the area. Such a condition is called anal pruritus.
Staphylococcus aureus - causes, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment
Staphylococci are bacteria classified as Gram-positive granulomas. Their name comes from the appearance of the bacterial cells, which are spherical and arranged in irregular clusters resembling wine...
Haemophilus influenzae in a throat or nasal swab - causes, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment
Haemophilus influenzae is a bacterium frequently found in the upper respiratory tract. It belongs to the so-called Gram-negative bacteria. Six serological types of this bacterium are known,...
Corrosive acid poisoning - causes, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment
When ingested orally, strong acid can cause severe damage to the mouth, throat, oesophagus and stomach. This is a potentially life-threatening condition. The lethal dose for an adult is already 8 g...
Motion sickness - causes, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment
Motion sickness is defined as intense discomfort in the form of dizziness, nausea and vomiting, occurring during car, boat or air travel.
Anaemia in a child - causes, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment
Anaemia (anaemia) is a condition in which the concentration of haemoglobin in red blood cells falls below the norm accepted for people in certain sex and age groups. This is usually accompanied by...
Lambliosis - causes, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment
Lambliosis is a parasitic infectious disease common among children in Poland and other countries of Central and Eastern Europe. The cause of the disease is infection with Lamblia intestinalis...
Bacteria in urine - bacteriuria
Bacteriuria is the presence of bacteria in a urine culture. The urine in the kidneys and bladder should be sterile. If bacteria are present in the urine culture, their titer, i.e. the number of...
Urine test result - bacteria present
Microscopic examination of the urine sediment sometimes gives a result that suggests the presence of bacteria. However, it should be borne in mind that even in properly collected urine there may be...
Hypertrophied palatine tonsils - causes, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment
The palatine tonsils are made up of lymphatic tissue. Frequent and recurrent infections cause them to grow. This affects both the lymph tissue (whose reversible increase in volume is the body's...
Hypertrophied third tonsil - causes, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment
The pharyngeal tonsil is a grouping of lymphatic tissue located on the posterior-upper part of the pharynx, the excessive growth of which causes, on the one hand, the narrowing of the airways...
Lice - causes, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment
It is a parasitic disease of the skin caused by three types of lice: pubic, head and clothing lice. The infestation is spread by direct contact.
Scabies - causes, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment
It is an infectious skin disease caused by mites (Sarcoptes scabiei). Infection occurs through direct contact with the patient or through clothing and bed linen.
Measles vaccination rash - causes, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment
Measles vaccination is performed with a live vaccine containing a weakened vaccine virus. The current vaccine used in Poland is mainly the MMR triple vaccine, containing measles, mumps and rubella...
Gastro-oesophageal reflux in children over 1 year of age - causes, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment
Gastroesophageal reflux is the involuntary (passive) backflow into the oesophagus of food that has already been in the stomach. Food can back up into the oesophagus only, or higher up (into the mouth...
Mumps - causes, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment
Sudden parotitis - or mumps - is an infectious viral disease occurring in childhood, characterised by swelling and soreness of the salivary glands, usually the parotid gland. It usually presents...
Diaper rash in infants - causes, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment
Nappy dermatitis is the most common form of contact damage to a baby's delicate skin, caused by the irritating effects of faeces and the ammonia produced from urine by bacteria that break down urea...
Scabies in an infant - causes, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment
It is an inflammation of the scalp in an infant, caused by excessive secretion of the sebaceous glands. The inflammation results in excessive keratinisation and the formation of thick lamellae of...
Breastfeeding a child on a gluten-free diet
A gluten-free diet requires the exclusion from the child's diet of products containing proteins from 4 cereals: wheat, rye, barley and oats. It is the basis for the treatment of coeliac disease.
Diet in a child with pancreatic disease
Pancreatic disorders are fortunately a rare problem in children. The most common cause of impaired pancreatic enzyme production (which requires dietary modification) is cystic fibrosis. Other causes...
