Tachycardia is an acceleration of the heart rate above 100 beats per minute.
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A faster-than-normal heart rate comes from:
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excitation impulses of the heart contractions produced in the physiological pacemaker (sinus node)
- sinus tachycardia (normal response during exertion, emotion, fever, anxiety, anaemia, dehydration, hypotension, inflammation, pulmonary embolism, heart failure, pheochromocytoma, taking CNS stimulating drugs)
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cardiac excitation impulses generated from other (than the sinus node) sites in the heart - tachyarrhythmias
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supraventricular tachyarrhythmias (rhythm disturbances involving the atria of the heart, originating from ectopic foci of pathological atrial muscle cells)
- atrial fibrillation,
- atrial flutter
- recurrent nodal tachycardia,
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ventricular tachyarrhythmias (rapid and chaotic contractions do not allow the ventricles to fill properly with blood between contractions, resulting in reduced cardiac output, leading to complete cardiac arrest) - arrhythmias involving the ventricles, originating from ectopic foci of pathological ventricular muscle cells
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ventricular tachycardia,
- ventricular fibrillation.
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ventricular tachycardia,
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supraventricular tachyarrhythmias (rhythm disturbances involving the atria of the heart, originating from ectopic foci of pathological atrial muscle cells)