Long-term regulation of coronary flow requires long-term biochemical and structural changes. One way to induce and maintain such changes is through physical training. In a healthy person, intensively and regularly engaged in sport, myocardial hypertrophy occurs and coronary flow-related adaptive processes are triggered, i.e. increasing coronary transport. Such changes, too, are desirable in people undergoing cardiac treatment. Physical training leads to permanent changes in the structure of the coronary vessels, thereby improving the mechanisms responsible for regulating flow.

Physical activity is also responsible for activating neurohumoral mechanisms and increasing skeletal muscle endurance. All these elements serve not only to increase and regulate coronary transport but also, with regular physical activity, to decompress the heart during exercise.[1]